Networking interview questions
1.What is the network?
Answer:
Answer:
The network is a collection of interconnected computers.It allows to computers to communicate with each other and to share resources and information.
2.What is sender?
Answer:
Answer:
A sender is a device which sends the information/data message.
3.What is the receiver?
Answer:
Answer:
A receiver is a device it receives a message from the sender.
4.What is protocol?
Answer:
Answer:
Programmers and networks are connected together by certain rules called protocol.
5.What are the types of switching?
Answer:
Answer:
There are two types of switching.
1.packet switched
2.circuit switched
6.What is LAN?
Answer:
Answer:
LAN(Local Area Network) is a system composed of computers hardware and transmission media and software.
7.What are features LAN(Local Area Network) provides to the users?
Answer:
Answer:
a.flexibility
b.speed
c.reliability
d.security
e.centralized management.
8.What is MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)?
Answer:
Answer:
A MAN(Metropolitan Area Network) is larger than LAN(Local Area Network) is limited to city or group of nearby corporate offices.It uses the similar technology of LAN.
9.What is WAN(Wide Area Network)?
Answer:
Answer:
A network that covers a larger area such as a city, state, country or the world is called wide area network.
10.What is the difference between LAN and WAN?
Answer:
Answer:
LAN(Local Area Network) WAN(Wide Area Network)
a.It covers a small area. a.It covers a large area.
b.working principal: broadcasting b.working principal: point to point.
c.transmission speed is high. c.transmission speed is low.
d.easy to design and maintain d.design and maintains is complex
11.What are the types of layers in OSI model?
Answer:
Answer:
There are seven types of model is available, They are
1.physical layer
2. datalink layer
3.network layer
4.transport layer
5.session layer
6.presentation layer
7.application layer
12.What are the functions of application layers?
Answer:
Here we are do to see the functions of the applications layers.
a.network virtual terminal
b.file transfer and access management
c.mail services
d.directory services
13.Translation, Encryption, Compression these are all performed by which layer?
Answer:
Translation, Encryption, Compression these are all performed by the presentation layer.
14.What are the function of network layer?
Answer:
a.logical addressing
b.routing
15.What is IP address?
Answer:
The IP address is a numerical address assigned to each device like a computer, printer.It is like an address to a house.
16.What are the different types of Topology?
Answer:
There are five different types of topology.
17.What is the disadvantage of the mesh topology?
Answer:
Mesh topology is
1.very difficult to install
2.very cost
3.complex in reconfiguration.
18.What is the Redundancy?
Answer:
Redundancy is a form of error detection where each data unit is sent multiple times.
19.What is datagram?
Answer:
A datagram is an independent transmission unit in a packet switching network.
20.what is the main function of the transport layer?
Answer:
The transport layer is responsible for reliable end-to-end data transfer.
21.What is the size of the smallest ethernet frame?
Answer:
Smallest ethernet frame size is 64 bytes.
22.What is CSMA /CD?
Answer:
Carrier sense multiple access to collision detection protocol senses the channel.If the channel is idle currently, transmit now.If the channel is busy, wait until the channel is idle, then transmit.
23.What is the difference between hub and switch?
Answer:
HUB SWITCH
a.uses broadcast communication. a. uses point to point communication.
b.works at physical layer b.operates at data link layer.
c.it is not an intelligent device c.it is an intelligent device.
d.it can't be used as a repeater. d.it can be used as a repeater.
24.what is a switch?
Answer:
A switch is a networking device that manages networked connections between devices on a star network.
25.What is a repeater?
Answer:
The repeater is a hardware device used to strengthen signals being transmitted on a network.
26.What is the syntax to find the IP address?
Answer:
Just 1.open your search bar on your pc
2.Type cmd after that use this command prompt which is highlighted in black color.
Syntax: ipconfig
27.What is the hub?
Answer:
Networks require a central location to bring media segment together.These central locations are called hubs.
28.What are the main functions of the gateway?
Answer:
The main function of the gateway is a protocol converter.
29.What is Bluetooth?
Answer:
Bluetooth is a low-cost,low-power, short-range wireless communication technology.
30.What is the function of the router?
Answer:
A router is a layer three device that routes packets based on their logical address.
31.What are the types of the hub?
Answer:
There are three types of the hub.
a.passive hubs
b.active hubs
c.intelligent hub
32.Calculate the sending time, receiving time, and round-trip time for the given data?
Answer:
Original time stamp:50
receive timestamp:69
transmit time stamp:65
return time:70
Solutions:
sending time = receive time stamp - Original time stamp
= 69 - 50
= 19 milliseconds
receiving time = return time - transmit time
= 70 - 65
= 5 milliseconds
round-trip time =sending time + receiving time
= 19 + 5
= 24 milliseconds
33.What is FDDI?
Answer:
FDDI is a fiber optic-based counter rotating token ring architecture.
34.What are the advantages of FDDI?
Answer:
a.High bandwidth
b.security
c.resistance to EMI
d.cable distance
e.use of multiple tokens
35.What is DHCP?
Answer:
The Dynamic Host configuration protocol has been derived to provide dynamic configuration. DHCP also needed when a host moves from network to network.
36.What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
Answer:
IPv4 header size is 32 bits and IPv6 header size is 128 bits.
IPv4 cannot support auto configuration but IPv6 supports auto configuration.
IPv4 cannot support real-time applications but IPv6 do it.
IPv4 Throughput and delay are more while compared to IPv6.
There is no security in IPv4 network layer but IPv6 provides security at the network layer.
37.Define internetwork?
Answer:
A collection of interconnected networks is called an internetwork.
38.What is the purpose of the Address Resolution Protocol(ARP)?
Answer:
It is a dynamic mapping method that finds a physical address for given the logical address.
39.What are the new broadcast methods used in IPv6?
Answer:
There are three types of broadcast methods used in this, they are
1.Unicat
2.multicast
3.anycast
40.What is MTU?
Answer:
Maximum Transmission Unit is a networking term defines the largest packet size that can be sent over a network connection.
41.What is the benefit of DHCP?
Answer:
DHCP benefits are
1.Simplicity
2.Mobility of hosts
3.Mobility of network
4.Save address space
42.Define message?
Answer:
A message is an information unit whose source and destination entities exist above the network layer.
43.What is meant by virtual path?
Answer:
A virtual path is a set of connections between two switches.
44.What is Routing?
Answer:
Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network through which network traffic sent.
45.What is Subnetting?
Answer:
Subnetting divides one large network into several smaller ones.Subnetting adds an intermediate
level of hierarchy in IP addressing.
46.What is BGP?
Answer:
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed routing and reachability information between autonomous systems on the internet.
47.What is unicast?
Answer:
Unicast is a communication between a single host and a single receiver.
48. What is Multicast?
Answer:
Multicast is a communication between a single host and multiple receivers.
49.What is anycat?
Answer:
Anycast is a communication between a single sender and a list of address.
50. What is TCP?
Answer:
TCP provides a connection-oriented, reliable, byte stream service.The term connection-oriented means the two applications using TCP must establish a TCP connection with each other before they can exchange data.
51.What is socket?
Answer:
A socket is a communication endpoint.It uses IP address and Port number.
52.How does transport layer perform duplication control?
Answer:
TCP uses a sequence number to identify each byte of data.It helps to avoid duplicate data and disordering during transmission.
53.Define slow start?
Answer:
The slow start is congestion control in TCP.
54.What is jitter?
Answer:
Jitter is the fluctuation of end-to-end delay from packet to the next pocket.
55.What are the advantages of using UDP over TCP?
Answer:
UDP does not include the overhead needed to detect reliability and maintain connection-oriented semantics.
56.What is congestion?
Answer:
When too many packets rushing to a node or a part of the network, the network performance degrades so this situation is called congestion.
57.What is UDP?
Answer:
It is a simple, datagram oriented, transport layer protocol.This protocol is used in place of TCP. UDP is a connectionless protocol provides no reliability.
58.What is the difference between UDP and TCP?
Answer:
TCP UDP
1.It is connection oriented 1.It is connectionless
2.It is reliable 2.It is unreliable.
3.It is byte stream 3.It is message stream.
4.It does not support multicasting and broadcasting 4.It is supporting broadcasting.
5.It provides flow control and error control 5.It doesn't provide flow and error control.
59.What is RTT?
Answer:
RTT is the full form of Round Trip Time.It is a measure of the time it takes for a packet to travel from a computer, across a network to another computer, and back.
60.What is demultiplexing?
Answer:
The job of delivering the data in a transport layer segment to the correct socket is called demultiplexing.
61.What is the flag used in the TCP header?
Answer:
TCP header contains six flags.They are
1.URG
2.ACK
3.PSH
4.RST
5.SYN
6.FIN
62. what is NIC?
Answer:
NIC stands for Network Interface Card.NIC is the device which connects a computer to the network.
63.What is DNS?
Answer:
DNS is a client/server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
64.What is the purpose of an inverse domain?
Answer:
The inverse domain is used to map an address to a name.
65.What is SMTP?
Answer:
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a standard and reliable host to host mail transport protocol that operates over the TCP port 25.
66.What are the four groups of HTTP Headers?
Answer:
The four groups of the HTTP headers are
67.What is the use of the SMTP?
Answer:
It is the connection between the sending emails.
68.What is virtual terminal?
Answer:
A virtual terminal is a data structure maintained by either the application software or a local terminal.
69.What are the basic functions of e-mail?
Answer:
Basic functions of email are
a.Composition
b.Transfer
c.Reporting
d.Displaying
e.Disposition.
70.What is meant by WWW?
Answer:
WWW(World Wide Web) is an internet application that allows the user to view the web pages and move from one web page to another.
71.What is meant by URL?
Answer:
URL(Uniform Resource Locator) is a way to locate a path on the web the hypertext system that operates over the internet.
72.What is OS?
Answer:
OS is the interface between the human and the computer application and hardware.
Example: Windows, Linux.
73.What are the advantages of the circuit switching?
Answer:
a.Fixed bandwidth b.Low variance end to end delay.
74.Which topology is also called horizontal topology?
Answer:
Bus topology is also called the horizontal topology.
75.Which is the heart and brain to the computer?
Answer:
CPU(Central Processing Unit) is the brain and heart to the computer.
76.What are the transmission modes of FTP?
Answer:
There are three modes available in FTP.
1.Stream mode
2.Block mode
3.Compressed mode
77.What is mailing list?
Answer:
Mailing list contains the address of destination users.
78.What are the modes available in TELNET?
Answer:
There are threee types of modes available in the TELNET.
They are
1.Default mode
2.Character mode
3.Line mode
79.State the major catogories of computer network?
Answer:
1.Local Area Networks(LAN)
2.Metropolitan Area Networks(MAN)
3.Wide Area Networks(WAN)
80.What are the advantages of the DNS?
Answer:
1.DNS has hieraricha structure and database.
2.DNS has small and managable zones.
3.DNS is sclable
4.DNS helps in eliminating host tables.
81.What is bandwidth?
Answer:
Bandwidth is a characteristic of network.Bandwidth can be measured in hertz and in bits per seconds.
82.What is Throughput?
Answer:
Throughput is an actual measurement of how fast data can be transmitted where as bandwidth is a potential measurment of link.
83.What is Latency?
Answer:
Latency is also termed as delay.Latency is time reqiured for a message to completely arrive at the destination from source.
84.What is internet?
Answer:
A collection of interconnected networks is called an internet.
85.What is a post office protocol?
Answer:
An email protocol that allows retrieval of e-mail messages from an e-mail server using remote connection.
86.What is LDAP?
Answer:
LDAP is LIghtweight Directory Access Protocol.LDAP is an application level protocol that is implemented directly on top of TCP.
It defines a nertwork protocol for carrying out data definition and manipulation.
87.What are the disadvantages of the OSPF protocol?
Answer:
1.Memory overhead.
2.Processor overhead.
3.Configuration is complex.
88.What is Dijkstra's algorithm?
Answer:
In Dijkstra's algorithm each node is lableed with its distance from the source node along the
best known path.
89.What is Bellman-Ford algorithm?
Answer:
It is similar to the Dijkstra's algorithm but here the shortest paths from a given source node is computed subject to the constraint that the path contain at most one link.
90.What is repeaters?
Answer:
Repeaters is an electronic device.It operates only in the physical layer.The basic pupose of a repeater is to extend the distance of LAN.
91.What are the types of repeaters availble?
Answer:
There are four types of repeaters available
1.Single port repeater
2.Multiport repeater
3.Smart port repeater
4.Optical repeater
92.What is meant by bridges?
Answer:
A bridge operates in both physical and the datalink layer.Abrige extends the maximum distance of network by connecting seperate network segment.
93.What are the advantages of the Transparent bridge?
Answer:
1.It is easy to use.
2.Just install the bridge,no software changes are needed in hosts.
94.What are the advantages of the switches?
Answer:
1. Switches divide a network into several isolated channels or collision domains.
2.It is reduce the possibility of the collision.
3.In switch each channel has its own network cpacity.
95. What is ICMP?
Answer:
The Internet Control Message Protocol(ICMP) is the protocol that handles error and other control messages.
96.What are the main function of the ICMP?
Answer:
There are six main functions to by the ICMP
1.Error reporting
2.Reachability testing
3.Congestion control
4.Route change notification
5.Performance measring
6.Subnet addressing.
97.What is TTL?
Answer:
Time To Live specify the time in seconds the datagram allowed to travel.
98.Name the protocols are working in a Application layer?
Answer:
1.SMTP Protocol
2.FTP Protocol
3.TFTP Protocol
4.DNS Protocol
5.BOOTP protocol
99.What are the layers availble in SONET?
Answer:
SONET consist of four functional layers.
1.Photonic layer
2.Section layer
3.Line layer
4.Path layer.
100.What are the services offerd by layers ?
Answer:
1.Connetion oriented
2.Connetion less.
Answer:
Here we are do to see the functions of the applications layers.
a.network virtual terminal
b.file transfer and access management
c.mail services
d.directory services
13.Translation, Encryption, Compression these are all performed by which layer?
Answer:
Translation, Encryption, Compression these are all performed by the presentation layer.
14.What are the function of network layer?
Answer:
a.logical addressing
b.routing
15.What is IP address?
Answer:
The IP address is a numerical address assigned to each device like a computer, printer.It is like an address to a house.
16.What are the different types of Topology?
Answer:
There are five different types of topology.
a.bus topology
b.star topology
c.ring topology
d.mesh topology
e.hybrid topology
17.What is the disadvantage of the mesh topology?
Answer:
Mesh topology is
1.very difficult to install
2.very cost
3.complex in reconfiguration.
18.What is the Redundancy?
Answer:
Redundancy is a form of error detection where each data unit is sent multiple times.
19.What is datagram?
Answer:
A datagram is an independent transmission unit in a packet switching network.
20.what is the main function of the transport layer?
Answer:
The transport layer is responsible for reliable end-to-end data transfer.
21.What is the size of the smallest ethernet frame?
Answer:
Smallest ethernet frame size is 64 bytes.
22.What is CSMA /CD?
Answer:
Carrier sense multiple access to collision detection protocol senses the channel.If the channel is idle currently, transmit now.If the channel is busy, wait until the channel is idle, then transmit.
23.What is the difference between hub and switch?
Answer:
HUB SWITCH
a.uses broadcast communication. a. uses point to point communication.
b.works at physical layer b.operates at data link layer.
c.it is not an intelligent device c.it is an intelligent device.
d.it can't be used as a repeater. d.it can be used as a repeater.
24.what is a switch?
Answer:
25.What is a repeater?
Answer:
26.What is the syntax to find the IP address?
Answer:
Just 1.open your search bar on your pc
2.Type cmd after that use this command prompt which is highlighted in black color.
Syntax: ipconfig
27.What is the hub?
Answer:
Networks require a central location to bring media segment together.These central locations are called hubs.
28.What are the main functions of the gateway?
Answer:
The main function of the gateway is a protocol converter.
29.What is Bluetooth?
Answer:
Bluetooth is a low-cost,low-power, short-range wireless communication technology.
30.What is the function of the router?
Answer:
A router is a layer three device that routes packets based on their logical address.
31.What are the types of the hub?
Answer:
There are three types of the hub.
a.passive hubs
b.active hubs
c.intelligent hub
32.Calculate the sending time, receiving time, and round-trip time for the given data?
Answer:
Original time stamp:50
receive timestamp:69
transmit time stamp:65
return time:70
Solutions:
sending time = receive time stamp - Original time stamp
= 69 - 50
= 19 milliseconds
receiving time = return time - transmit time
= 70 - 65
= 5 milliseconds
round-trip time =sending time + receiving time
= 19 + 5
= 24 milliseconds
33.What is FDDI?
Answer:
FDDI is a fiber optic-based counter rotating token ring architecture.
34.What are the advantages of FDDI?
Answer:
a.High bandwidth
b.security
c.resistance to EMI
d.cable distance
e.use of multiple tokens
35.What is DHCP?
Answer:
The Dynamic Host configuration protocol has been derived to provide dynamic configuration. DHCP also needed when a host moves from network to network.
36.What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
Answer:
IPv4 header size is 32 bits and IPv6 header size is 128 bits.
IPv4 cannot support auto configuration but IPv6 supports auto configuration.
IPv4 cannot support real-time applications but IPv6 do it.
IPv4 Throughput and delay are more while compared to IPv6.
There is no security in IPv4 network layer but IPv6 provides security at the network layer.
37.Define internetwork?
Answer:
A collection of interconnected networks is called an internetwork.
38.What is the purpose of the Address Resolution Protocol(ARP)?
Answer:
It is a dynamic mapping method that finds a physical address for given the logical address.
39.What are the new broadcast methods used in IPv6?
Answer:
There are three types of broadcast methods used in this, they are
1.Unicat
2.multicast
3.anycast
40.What is MTU?
Answer:
Maximum Transmission Unit is a networking term defines the largest packet size that can be sent over a network connection.
41.What is the benefit of DHCP?
Answer:
DHCP benefits are
1.Simplicity
2.Mobility of hosts
3.Mobility of network
4.Save address space
42.Define message?
Answer:
A message is an information unit whose source and destination entities exist above the network layer.
43.What is meant by virtual path?
Answer:
A virtual path is a set of connections between two switches.
44.What is Routing?
Answer:
Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network through which network traffic sent.
45.What is Subnetting?
Answer:
level of hierarchy in IP addressing.
46.What is BGP?
Answer:
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed routing and reachability information between autonomous systems on the internet.
47.What is unicast?
Answer:
Unicast is a communication between a single host and a single receiver.
48. What is Multicast?
Answer:
Multicast is a communication between a single host and multiple receivers.
49.What is anycat?
Answer:
Anycast is a communication between a single sender and a list of address.
50. What is TCP?
Answer:
TCP provides a connection-oriented, reliable, byte stream service.The term connection-oriented means the two applications using TCP must establish a TCP connection with each other before they can exchange data.
51.What is socket?
Answer:
A socket is a communication endpoint.It uses IP address and Port number.
52.How does transport layer perform duplication control?
Answer:
TCP uses a sequence number to identify each byte of data.It helps to avoid duplicate data and disordering during transmission.
53.Define slow start?
Answer:
The slow start is congestion control in TCP.
54.What is jitter?
Answer:
Jitter is the fluctuation of end-to-end delay from packet to the next pocket.
55.What are the advantages of using UDP over TCP?
Answer:
UDP does not include the overhead needed to detect reliability and maintain connection-oriented semantics.
56.What is congestion?
Answer:
When too many packets rushing to a node or a part of the network, the network performance degrades so this situation is called congestion.
57.What is UDP?
Answer:
It is a simple, datagram oriented, transport layer protocol.This protocol is used in place of TCP. UDP is a connectionless protocol provides no reliability.
58.What is the difference between UDP and TCP?
Answer:
TCP UDP
1.It is connection oriented 1.It is connectionless
2.It is reliable 2.It is unreliable.
3.It is byte stream 3.It is message stream.
4.It does not support multicasting and broadcasting 4.It is supporting broadcasting.
5.It provides flow control and error control 5.It doesn't provide flow and error control.
59.What is RTT?
Answer:
RTT is the full form of Round Trip Time.It is a measure of the time it takes for a packet to travel from a computer, across a network to another computer, and back.
60.What is demultiplexing?
Answer:
61.What is the flag used in the TCP header?
Answer:
1.URG
2.ACK
3.PSH
4.RST
5.SYN
6.FIN
62. what is NIC?
Answer:
63.What is DNS?
Answer:
DNS is a client/server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
64.What is the purpose of an inverse domain?
Answer:
The inverse domain is used to map an address to a name.
65.What is SMTP?
Answer:
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a standard and reliable host to host mail transport protocol that operates over the TCP port 25.
66.What are the four groups of HTTP Headers?
Answer:
- General Headers
- Entity Headers
- Request Headers
- Response Headers
67.What is the use of the SMTP?
Answer:
It is the connection between the sending emails.
68.What is virtual terminal?
Answer:
69.What are the basic functions of e-mail?
Answer:
Basic functions of email are
a.Composition
b.Transfer
c.Reporting
d.Displaying
e.Disposition.
70.What is meant by WWW?
Answer:
WWW(World Wide Web) is an internet application that allows the user to view the web pages and move from one web page to another.
71.What is meant by URL?
Answer:
URL(Uniform Resource Locator) is a way to locate a path on the web the hypertext system that operates over the internet.
72.What is OS?
Answer:
Example: Windows, Linux.
73.What are the advantages of the circuit switching?
Answer:
a.Fixed bandwidth b.Low variance end to end delay.
74.Which topology is also called horizontal topology?
Answer:
Bus topology is also called the horizontal topology.
75.Which is the heart and brain to the computer?
Answer:
76.What are the transmission modes of FTP?
Answer:
There are three modes available in FTP.
1.Stream mode
2.Block mode
3.Compressed mode
77.What is mailing list?
Answer:
78.What are the modes available in TELNET?
Answer:
There are threee types of modes available in the TELNET.
They are
1.Default mode
2.Character mode
3.Line mode
79.State the major catogories of computer network?
Answer:
1.Local Area Networks(LAN)
2.Metropolitan Area Networks(MAN)
3.Wide Area Networks(WAN)
80.What are the advantages of the DNS?
Answer:
1.DNS has hieraricha structure and database.
2.DNS has small and managable zones.
3.DNS is sclable
4.DNS helps in eliminating host tables.
81.What is bandwidth?
Answer:
Bandwidth is a characteristic of network.Bandwidth can be measured in hertz and in bits per seconds.
82.What is Throughput?
Answer:
Throughput is an actual measurement of how fast data can be transmitted where as bandwidth is a potential measurment of link.
83.What is Latency?
Answer:
Latency is also termed as delay.Latency is time reqiured for a message to completely arrive at the destination from source.
84.What is internet?
Answer:
A collection of interconnected networks is called an internet.
85.What is a post office protocol?
Answer:
An email protocol that allows retrieval of e-mail messages from an e-mail server using remote connection.
86.What is LDAP?
Answer:
LDAP is LIghtweight Directory Access Protocol.LDAP is an application level protocol that is implemented directly on top of TCP.
It defines a nertwork protocol for carrying out data definition and manipulation.
87.What are the disadvantages of the OSPF protocol?
Answer:
1.Memory overhead.
2.Processor overhead.
3.Configuration is complex.
88.What is Dijkstra's algorithm?
Answer:
In Dijkstra's algorithm each node is lableed with its distance from the source node along the
best known path.
89.What is Bellman-Ford algorithm?
Answer:
It is similar to the Dijkstra's algorithm but here the shortest paths from a given source node is computed subject to the constraint that the path contain at most one link.
90.What is repeaters?
Answer:
Repeaters is an electronic device.It operates only in the physical layer.The basic pupose of a repeater is to extend the distance of LAN.
91.What are the types of repeaters availble?
Answer:
There are four types of repeaters available
1.Single port repeater
2.Multiport repeater
3.Smart port repeater
4.Optical repeater
92.What is meant by bridges?
Answer:
A bridge operates in both physical and the datalink layer.Abrige extends the maximum distance of network by connecting seperate network segment.
93.What are the advantages of the Transparent bridge?
Answer:
1.It is easy to use.
2.Just install the bridge,no software changes are needed in hosts.
94.What are the advantages of the switches?
Answer:
1. Switches divide a network into several isolated channels or collision domains.
2.It is reduce the possibility of the collision.
3.In switch each channel has its own network cpacity.
95. What is ICMP?
Answer:
The Internet Control Message Protocol(ICMP) is the protocol that handles error and other control messages.
96.What are the main function of the ICMP?
Answer:
There are six main functions to by the ICMP
1.Error reporting
2.Reachability testing
3.Congestion control
4.Route change notification
5.Performance measring
6.Subnet addressing.
97.What is TTL?
Answer:
Time To Live specify the time in seconds the datagram allowed to travel.
98.Name the protocols are working in a Application layer?
Answer:
1.SMTP Protocol
2.FTP Protocol
3.TFTP Protocol
4.DNS Protocol
5.BOOTP protocol
99.What are the layers availble in SONET?
Answer:
SONET consist of four functional layers.
1.Photonic layer
2.Section layer
3.Line layer
4.Path layer.
100.What are the services offerd by layers ?
Answer:
1.Connetion oriented
2.Connetion less.
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